Circadian Clocks Essay example -- Biology

What is a circadian clock? A circadian clock is an internal biological clock that is found in almost all organisms, which regulates many metabolic processes. This biological clock allows organisms to adjust physiologically to changes in the environment. It is also influential in an organism’s behavior based on environmental differences. What do circadian clocks regulate? In plants, circadian clocks control flowering, response to seasons, and photosynthesis such as the opening and closing of the stomata. In mammals, circadian clocks manage sleeping, waking, feeding, and controlling whether an animal is nocturnal (most active at night) or diurnal (most active during the day). In cyanobacteria, circadian clocks regulate nitrogen fixation. In general, circadian clocks direct cell replication, amino acid uptake, and carbohydrate synthesis. Why are circadian clocks important? Circadian clocks are an integral part of everyday life for most all organisms on Earth. They regulate the most important functions in each organism. Without these biological clocks, processes such as metabolism would be completely disorganized and all of our bodies would go entirely awry. Life as we know it today would not exist in the regular predictable pattern. It’s as easy as Kai A, B, C! General Info about Cyanobacteria: (the organisms studied in this experiment) * Cyanobacteria are among the oldest organisms on Earth * They are very diverse: different species of cyanobacteria can survive in a broad range of environmental conditions * Even though cyanobacteria are unicellular, they perform many metabolic activities: photosynthesis, carbon fixation, and nitrogen fixation * Their circadi... ...rol the growth of tumors. Studies like this may eventually even lead to a cure for cancer! References Ditty, J.L, S.B. Williams and S.S. Golden. 2003. "A Cyanobacterial Circadian Timing Mechanism." The Annual Review of Genetics 37:513-517. Available at . Golden, Susan S. 2003. "Timekeeping in bacteria: the cyanobacterial circadian clock." Current Opinion in Microbiology 6:535-540. Available at . Johnson, Carl H. and Martin Egli. 2004."Visualizing a biological clockwork's cogs." Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 11(7):584-585. Available at . Vakonakis, Ionannis and Andy C. LiWang. 2004. "Structure of the C-terminal domain of the clock protein KaiA in complex with a KaiC-derived peptide: Implications for KaiC regulation." PNAS 101(30):10925-10930. Available at .

A Beautiful Mind: Ethical and Unethical Essay

There were several ethical and unethical instances in the film and first I will start off with the ethical. John Nash is awarded the privilege to work for Wheeler Laboratory for making up his own original idea. This is something very honorable and being part of the Wheeler Lab was something of high standards. On the same note, it was very noble of Nash’s opponent, Martin Hansen, to congratulate John Nash on winning the chance to be with the Wheeler Laboratory. The position was a very competitive spot, so when Nash won it was good sportsmanship that Hansen was content with Nash’s success. As for unethical incidents, here are the few I picked out. Martin Hansen â€Å"assumed† that John Nash was the waiter at the table. I say assumed because Hansen was playing dumb and just wanted to insult or tease Nash. Second, Dr. Nash tells his student that his ability to speak comes second to how well Nash can hear himself. This was unprofessional because of the lack of courtesy Nash lacked as a professor. The next point is unethical because it is something frowned upon in society. The way John Nash tries to be with a woman by telling her straight forwardly that he just wants sex. This is not something gentlemanly towards a woman. See more: Old Age Problem essay John Nash goes through a series of fantasies where he thinks he is involved with a secret part of the government. Nash later is captured by a psychologist and his employees. When taken to the hospital, the director lets the viewer know that Nash is diagnosed with schizophrenia. This psychological disorder makes the diagnosed generate fantasies from the mind and turn them into real life. Although the fantasies are not real to everyone else the diagnosed believes everything they see is real.

Child Abuse At Saudi Arabia - 1901 Words

Child abuse started when the humanity began. Every society has number of abusing situations for children. According to Dictionary.com, child abuse is â€Å"mistreatment of a child by a parent or guardian, neglect, beating, and sexual molestation†. In other words, child abuse is treating a child badly emotionally, as well as neglect and physical and sexual treatment. Historical stories and Islamic literature have mentioned a child maltreatment practice that considers as a big risk on children’s lives. Even though child maltreatment was happening in Saudi Arabia, it didn’t have enough evidence. In 1990, Saudi Arabia received the first report about child maltreatment. As a result, in 1996 Saudi Arabia connected with the Organization of the†¦show more content†¦The first step of progress was to establish new legalization to protect children. Also, awareness programs were provided by national media to give more explanation about child maltreatment. In addit ion, there were teams in the hospitals to serve children who were abused (Qayad, Inam, Al Eissa, Al Buhairan, Noor, 2012). The purpose of my topic is to spread awareness among the community, to give useful information for people who do not know enough about child abuse, and to decrease the number of victims from abuse. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to elaborate on child abuse in terms of its definition, history in Saudi Arabia, causes, signs and impact, as well as types of child abuse. Phenomenon and factors of child abuse The World Health Organization (2006) defines child abuse as follows: â€Å"Child abuse or maltreatment refers to the physical and emotional mistreatment, sexual abuse, neglect and negligent treatment of children, as well as to their commercial or other exploitation† (What is the source - ? p.7). There are many factors which cause child abuse. The most important factors of this problem are families, social, and personal causes. The first factor of child abuse is families. Abuse cases usually occur in families who apply some of these states: poverty, lack of education, serious marital problems, unemployment,etc. Tucker and Rodriguez report that unstable and